About the GoKinD Study

 The GoKinD collection is now complete, and is no longer recruiting.

The Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes (GoKinD) Study established a repository of DNA and clinical information from adults with long-term Type 1 diabetes, with or without kidney disease, along with their parents. This clinically well-characterized population provides a scientific resource maintained under the joint stewardship of the National Institutes of Health, JDRF, the Joslin Diabetes Center, GWU and CDC. All collaborating organizations are committed to establishing and maintaining access to the data set as much as is feasible.

The GoKinD collection includes the following:

• DNA from study participants, in predefined sets of Singletons and Trios
• Plasma, serum, urine samples from study participants
• Clinical data, available in SAS data sets. This will include aggregate summary data for case and control singleton and trios for nephropathy status, clinical characteristics, diabetes characteristics, and related physical, biochemical and complications of diabetes.
• Samples have been genotyped at HLA (DRB1, DQA1, DQB1) and INS loci.
  

GoKinD Baseline Data Set

Baseline Data Set Description
Baseline Clinical Data Summary

**ACCESS TO THE GOKIND COLLECTION**

Previous recipients of GoKinD DNA and data are listed below.

Information on the GoKinD collection may also be found at the NIDDK repository web page:

Click Here: NIDDK_GoKIND

Whole Genome Genotyping of the GoKind Collection by GAIN

The GoKinD collection was genotyped (whole-genome) by the FNIH Genetic Association Information Network (GAIN) program. These data from GoKind are available to qualified applicants via the FNIH website: http://www.fnih.org/GAIN2/home_new.shtml

GoKinD Publications

The Common FTO Genetic Polymorphism rs9939609 is Associated with Increased BMI in Type 1 Diabetes but not with Diabetic Nephropathy. Gu HF, Alvarsson A, Brismar K. Biomark Insights. 2010 Apr 27;5:29-32.

Insights to the genetics of diabetic nephropathy through a genome-wide association study of the GoKinD collection. Pezzolesi MG, Skupien J, Mychaleckyj JC, Warram JH, Krolewski AS. Semin Nephrol. 2010 Mar;30(2):126-40.

SOX2 has gender-specific genetic effects on diabetic nephropathy in samples from patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the GoKinD study. Gu HF, Alvarsson A, Efendic S, Brismar K. Gend Med. 2009 Dec;6(4):555-64.

A genome-wide association study identifies a novel major locus for glycemic control in type 1 diabetes, as measured by both A1C and glucose. Paterson AD, Waggott D, Boright AP, Hosseini SM, Shen E, Sylvestre MP, Wong I, Bharaj B, Cleary PA, Lachin JM; MAGIC (Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium), Below JE, Nicolae D, Cox NJ, Canty AJ, Sun L, Bull SB; Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Research Group. Diabetes. 2010 Feb;59(2):539-49.

Confirmation of genetic associations at ELMO1 in the GoKinD collection supports its role as a susceptibility gene in diabetic nephropathy. Pezzolesi MG, Katavetin P, Kure M, Poznik GD, Skupien J, Mychaleckyj JC, Rich SS, Warram JH, Krolewski AS. Diabetes. 2009 Nov;58(11):2698-702.

Novel human leukocyte antigen class I and class II alleles identified by sequence-based typing in the Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes (GoKinD) study population. Cordovado SK, Hancock LN, Hendrix M, Greene CN, Mueller PW. Hum Immunol. 2009 Sep;70(9):747-9.

No support for association of protein kinase C, beta 1 (PRKCB1) gene promoter polymorphisms c.-1504C>T and c.-546C>G with diabetic nephropathy in Type 1 diabetes. Pettigrew KA, McKnight AJ, Martin RJ, Patterson CC, Kilner J, Sadlier D, Maxwell AP, Savage DA; Warren 3/UK GoKinD Study Group. Diabet Med. 2008 Sep;25(9):1127-9

Lack of an association between GHR exon 3 polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in the Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes (GoKinD) population. Gu HF, Efendic S, Brismar K. Diabetologia. 2008 Dec;51(12):2333-4.

Evaluation of genetic association and expression reduction of TRPC1 in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Zhang D, Freedman BI, Flekac M, Santos E, Hicks PJ, Bowden DW, Efendic S, Brismar K, Gu HF.Am J Nephrol. 2009;29(3):244-51.

Sequence variants in the PLEKHH2 region are associated with diabetic nephropathy in the GoKinD study population. Greene CN, Keong LM, Cordovado SK, Mueller PW. Hum Genet. 2008 Oct;124(3):255-62.

A single nucleotide polymorphism alters the sequence of SP1 binding site in the adiponectin promoter region and is associated with diabetic nephropathy among type 1 diabetic patients in the Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes Study. Zhang D, Ma J, Brismar K, Efendic S, Gu HF.J Diabetes Complications. 2009 Jul-Aug;23(4):265-72.

Evaluation of the association between the common E469K polymorphism in the ICAM-1 gene and diabetic nephropathy among type 1 diabetic patients in GoKinD population. Ma J, Zhang D, Brismar K, Efendic S, Gu HF. BMC Med Genet. 2008 May 27;9:47

Promoter polymorphism of the erythropoietin gene in severe diabetic eye and kidney complications. Tong Z, Yang Z, Patel S, Chen H, Gibbs D, Yang X, Hau VS, Kaminoh Y, Harmon J, Pearson E, Buehler J, Chen Y, Yu B, Tinkham NH, Zabriskie NA, Zeng J, Luo L, Sun JK, Prakash M, Hamam RN, Tonna S, Constantine R, Ronquillo CC, Sadda S, Avery RL, Brand JM, London N, Anduze AL, King GL, Bernstein PS, Watkins S; Genetics of Diabetes and Diabetic Complication Study Group, Jorde LB, Li DY, Aiello LP, Pollak MR, Zhang K. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 13;105(19):6998-7003.

Nephropathy in type 1 diabetes is diminished in carriers of HLA-DRB1*04: the genetics of kidneys in diabetes (GoKinD) study. Cordovado SK, Zhao Y, Warram JH, Gong H, Anderson KL, Hendrix MM, Hancock LN, Cleary PA, Mueller PW.Diabetes. 2008 Feb;57(2):518-22.

Distribution of neuropeptide Y Leu7Pro polymorphism in patients with type 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy among Swedish and American populations. Ma J, Nordman S, Möllsten A, Falhammar H, Brismar K, Dahlquist G, Efendic S, Gu HF. Eur J Endocrinol. 2007 Nov;157(5):641-5.

Variants in the plasmacytoma variant translocation gene (PVT1) are associated with end-stage renal disease attributed to type 1 diabetes. Millis MP, Bowen D, Kingsley C, Watanabe RM, Wolford JK. Diabetes. 2007 Dec;56(12):3027-32.
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New models of collaboration in genome-wide association studies: the Genetic Association Information Network. GAIN Collaborative Research Group, Manolio TA, Rodriguez LL, Brooks L, Abecasis G; Collaborative Association Study of Psoriasis, Ballinger D, Daly M, Donnelly P, Faraone SV; International Multi-Center ADHD Genetics Project, Frazer K, Gabriel S, Gejman P; Molecular Genetics of Schizophrenia Collaboration, Guttmacher A, Harris EL, Insel T, Kelsoe JR; Bipolar Genome Study, Lander E, McCowin N, Mailman MD, Nabel E, Ostell J, Pugh E, Sherry S, Sullivan PF; Major Depression Stage 1 Genomewide Association in Population-Based Samples Study, Thompson JF, Warram J; Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes (GoKinD) Study, Wholley D, Milos PM, Collins FS. Nat Genet. 2007 Sep;39(9):1045-51.

Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes (GoKinD) study: a genetics collection available for identifying genetic susceptibility factors for diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetes. Mueller PW, Rogus JJ, Cleary PA, Zhao Y, Smiles AM, Steffes MW, Bucksa J, Gibson TB, Cordovado SK, Krolewski AS, Nierras CR, Warram JH. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006 Jul;17(7):1782-90.

Identification of two novel DQA1 alleles, DQA1*0107 and DQA1*0602, by sequence-based typing in the GoKinD population. Hancock LN, Cordovado SK, Hendrix M, Simone AE, Mueller PW. Hum Immunol. 2005 Dec;66(12):1248-53.

GOKIND, Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes, S. Dylak, Countdown Magazine, Fall 2006.
High-resolution genotyping lf HLA-DQA1 in the GoKinD study and identification of novel alleles HLA-DQA1*040102, HLA-DQA1*0402 and HLA-DQA1*0404, S.K.
Cordovado, et. al., Tissue Antigens 2005: 65: 448-458.

Polymorphism Scan for Differences Between Transmitted and Nontransmitted RDB1*030101 Alleles Outside of Exon 2 for Type 1 Diabetes: The Frequence of Polymorphisms Is Similar, C.N. Greene, et. al., Human Immunology 65, 737-744 (2004).

High-resolution sequence-based typing strategy for HLA_DQA1 using SSP-PCR and subsequent genotyping analysis with novel spreadsheet program, S.K. Cordovado, et. al., Tissue Antigens 2001: 58: 308-314.
 

Previous recipients of GoKinD DNA and data collection:

GoKinD Contributing Investigators

Stephen A. Brietzke, University of Missouri
David Brillon, N Y Presbyterian Hospital, Cornell University
George A. Burghen, University of Tennessee
George W. Burke, University of Miami
Patricia Cleary, GWU Biostatistics Center (COC)
Suzanne Cordovado, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Debra Counts, University of Maryland Medical System
James Desemone, Albany Medical Center
Steven V. Edelman, University of California San Diego
Carla Greenbaum, Virginia Mason Research Center
Richard A.Guthrie, Mid-America Diabetes Associates, P.A.
Irene Hramiak, St. Joseph's Health Care, Univ. of Western Ontario
Mark Johnson, University of North Carolina (Chapel Hill)
Lois Jovanovic, Sansum Medical Research Center
John I. Malone, University of South Florida
Michael Mauer, University of Minnesota
Michael E. May, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Larry Melton, Baylor University Medical Center
Mark E. Molitch, Northwestern University
Pat Mueller, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Robert E. Ratner, Med-Star Clinical Research Center
John Rogus, Joslin Diabetes Center
William L. Sivitz, University of Iowa
Adam Smiles, Joslin Diabetes Center
Mike Steffes, Dept. of Lab. Medicine & Pathology, U. of Minnesota
Maria Szpiech, Medical University of South Carolina
James Warram, Joslin Diabetes Center
Neil H. White, Washington University School of Medicine
Bernard Zinman, Mount Sinai Hospital, Univ. of Toronto